The watchman tells him he who defeats the Sphinx will become the King of Thebes and can marry the recently widowed queen, Jocasta. Enescu a pus pe muzic cteva dintre poemele reginei Carmen Sylva, dnd natere mai multor lieduri n limba german. The shepherd has witnessed these events. Among his orchestral works were three symphonies, two Romanian rhapsodies, and an overture on Romanian folk themes. But an attitude from the Communist government that could be described as ambivalent at best turned downright hostile and self-destructive during the regime of Nicolae Ceausescu. Several, mostly very short, pieces survive, all for violin and piano. Din primii ani ai secolului XX dateaz compoziiile sale mai cunoscute, cum sunt cele dou Rapsodii Romne (1901-1902), Suita Nr. CHAMPAIGN, Ill. - Fifty years after the death of Romanian composer and musician George Enescu, his opera "Oedipe" - based on the Oedipus myth - will have its American premiere, at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. [12] In 1935, he conducted the Orchestre Symphonique de Paris and Yehudi Menuhin (who had been his pupil for several years starting in 1927) in Mozart's Violin Concerto No. A surprising number of works also received their belated Romanian premieres. A second issue is that his development cannot be so easily pigeon-holed in terms of a progression from the Austro-German and French influences of the early period to an indigenous assimilation of Romanian folk music of his later style. It was a sign of the respect the festival receives in musical circles that Gardner chose it as the occasion for his first public performance since officially taking the reins of the London Philharmonic. Twenty years have passed and during that time, Thebes has enjoyed peace and prosperity with Oedipus as king. It was in America, in the 1920s, that Enescu was first persuaded to make recordings as a violinist. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Anne and I started working together on the violin and piano pieces, rehearsing and including them in concert programmes, and were thrilled when, in the run-up to a recording, Menuhin agreed at the end of 1997 to hear us play and offer his advice. Who are the richest people in the world? Premiera operei Oedip a avut loc la Paris pe 13 martie 1936 i s-a bucurat de un succes imediat. But an experiment that didnt work served to underscore the festivals openness to exploring new facets of Enescu and his work. Merope sends her counselor, Phorbes, to Oedipus, who will not reveal the cause of his concern. He showed us photos and shared memories - apparently Enescu called him "my old young friend" - and the reverence he still felt for his former teacher 30 years on was obvious. [citation needed] Enescu considered Bach'sSonatas and Partitas for solo violin as the "Himalayas of violinists". n anexa din spatele palatului, deschis publicului, au locuit Maruca i Enescu.[18]. The Hennepin County medical examiner found fentanyl in . On December 12, Washington was out on horseback supervising farm activities and it began to snow. For all its undoubted fluency, the work is hardly characteristic of the composer, and unfortunately has served to obfuscate the emotional range, musical depth and creative originality that he achieved elsewhere. The pandemic could not derail the sprawling George Enescu International Festival in Bucharest. The second movement of the Quintet has the exuberance and passion, and the first movement the melancholy, that Enescu felt to be the most characteristic moods of Romanian folk-music. Dirijorul este un profesor. Wajdi Mouawad (stage director), Ingo Metzmacher (conductor) With Christopher Maltman (dipus), Yann Beuron (Laius), Ekaterina Gubanova (Jocasta), Clive Bayley (Tiresias). [35], Enescu's portrait appeared on the redesigned 5 lei Romanian banknote in 2005. He also appeared as a conductor with many American orchestras and, in 1936, was one of the candidates considered to replace Arturo Toscanini as permanent conductor of the New York Philharmonic. Enescu was born in 1881 in Moldavia in northern Romania, and, as the only one of 12 children to survive beyond infancy, must have seemed almost blessed from the start. [2] The first German production was in Berlin in 1996, in a production that subsequently traveled to the Vienna State Opera. Chinese Zodiac: George Enescu was born in the Year of the Rabbit. 1971. Cel mai mult preuiesc darul de a compune muzica i nici un muritor nu poate poseda o fericire mai mare, opinie mprtit i de Andrei Tudor, care scria c [d]in multipla sa activitate, n care s-a afirmat cu egal strlucire, opera componistic reprezint latura cea mai esenial i, desigur, cea mai trainic a complexei sale personaliti artistice.[17]. The beloved actor was most famous for his comedy and playing brainy, neurotic characters, although Segal's acting range was significant. The pianist Angela Draghicescu garnered media interest around the country for introducing to the festival the long-forgotten Piano Trio No. Enescu had the idea to compose an Oedipus-inspired opera even before finding a libretto and began to sketch music for it in 1910. Acesta din urm, virtuoz cu o profund cultur umanist, a pstrat un adevrat cult i o profund afeciune pentru Enescu, considerndu-l printele su spiritual. At age seven Enesco went to the Vienna Conservatory, where he studied violin. 2) i exprimarea modern cu totul personal din muzica de camer, opera Oedip sau Simfonia de Camer. A proactive conductor, he worked tirelessly to enhance musical life in Romania, but also appeared frequently in this capacity in France and the US. Casa din Mihileni a bunicului matern, n care Enescu a petrecut o parte din copilrie, a ajuns pn n 2014 ntr-o stare avansat de deteriorare. Enescu completed the music in 1922 and the orchestration in 1931. George Enescus birth sign is Leo and he had a ruling planet of Sun. Died: May 4, 1955 (aged 73) Paris France See all related content George Enesco, French Georges Enescu, (born August 19, 1881, Liveni, near Dorohoi, Romaniadied May 4, 1955, Paris, France), Romanian violinist and composer, known for his interpretations of Bach and his eclectic compositions. n Bucureti se gsete Muzeul Naional George Enescu", gzduit n trei camere din Palatul Cantacuzino de pe Calea Victoriei. ", Voicana, Mircea. - Composer: George Enescu (19 August 1881 -- 4 May 1955) - Performers: Sherban Lupu (violin), Valentin Gheorghiu (piano) - Year of recording: 2004 (?) But the moment they arrive here, Constantinescu added, they are amazed., The violinist Leonidas Kavakos, a longtime regular, spoke of the intensity of the audiences appreciation: They remain very quiet, very receptive. In Enescus case, this resulted in a series of works which explore these improvisatory and exotic idioms in a very individual manner, the most famous being the Third Violin Sonata (1926) with its subtitle dans le caractre populaire roumain.Its tempting to consider Enescu as following a similar path to Bartk. Slowly but unavoidably the composer George Enescu is starting to make his way up to his rightful place as one of the greatest authors of his time. Admittedly, a substantial proportion of his work is now available on disc, but his scores are still not easily found either in libraries or music shops. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. [2], A child prodigy, Enescu began experimenting with composing at an early age. He studied violin with Martin Pierre Marsick, harmony with Andr Gedalge, and composition with Jules Massenet and Gabriel Faur. In self-defence, Oedipus kills Laius and his companions. Generation also known as The Greatest Generation. Pn n 1949, dei aflat n strintate, a deinut nc funcia de preedinte al Societii Compozitorilor din Romnia. The 46-year-old suffered a cardiac arrest while . Broadcast date: Thursday, October 14, 2021, on Medici.tv, steams though January 14, 2022. Paris was to remain his main musical base in Western Europe for the rest of his life, though during the two World Wars, he returned to Romania, working assiduously to enhance the countrys musical life. Although his catalogue of published works amounts to only 33 opuses, a relatively low number for someone who lived over 70 years, he mastered almost every major musical genre. Enescu had the idea to compose an Oedipus-inspired opera even before finding a libretto and began to sketch music for it in 1910. Throughout his life Enescu continually returned to old pieces, revising and retouching. Vladimir Jurowski conducting the Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra as part of the latest George Enescu International Festival in Romania. In 1895 he went to Paris, where he studied composition and violin. Neither said the cause of his death was a fentanyl overdose. However, Thebes now suffers from a plague epidemic. 7 August]1881 4 May 1955), known in France as Georges Enesco, was a Romanian composer, violinist, conductor and teacher and is regarded as one of the greatest musicians in Romanian history. In fact he never quite finished editing the piece - though every note was there on the page - and it was neither published nor performed during his lifetime. Admirat de Regina Elisabeta a Romniei (celebra iubitoare a artei Carmen Sylva) era deseori invitat s execute piese pentru vioar n Castelul Pele din Sinaia. BUCHAREST, Romania Romania has a long record of defying the catastrophes history has served up, so it certainly would not allow the pandemic to derail the George Enescu International Festival, devoted to its premier musical native son, which ended on Sunday. But he was unable to sustain this level of activity. However, Antigone, Oedipus' favorite daughter, chooses to accompany her father and be his guide. n ultimii ani ai vieii a compus Cvartetul de coarde Nr. But whereas Bartk was also an ethnomusicologist rigorously transcribing indigenous music from Eastern Europe, Enescu never quoted exact folk tunes. The answer embraces both the political and the personal: the postwar divisions of Europe, the many setbacks and difficulties he experienced during his lifetime, and his modesty and complete lack of interest in self-promotion. However, the snake can be overly suspicious, which makes them a bit paranoid. They were written in 1901, and first performed together in 1903. dipe (Oedipe) is an opera in four acts by the Romanian composer George Enescu, set to a French libretto by Edmond Fleg. George Enescu was born in Romania. Primele ndrumri muzicale le primise de la prinii si i de la un vestit lutar, Niculae Chioru[necesitcitare]. Enescu was astonishingly prolific in the early part of his career. Please check back soon for updates. People born under this sign are often seen as humorous and gifted in literature and art. At 13 he moved on to Paris. Menuhin and his wife Diana visited him there, and sat with him in a room just big enough for his bed and a grand piano. n anul 1932 devine membru titular al Academiei Romne.[12]. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. His first published opus was the Pome Roumain, an ambitious Lisztian symphonic suite for orchestra first performed in Paris in 1899 to considerable acclaim. In charting Enescus development towards the more angular modernist style which became his musical lingua franca from the 1920s, it is worth considering him in the context of his contemporary, the Polish composer Karol Szymanowski. Luring audiences to Bucharest, however, continues to vex festival organizers. April 9, 2021, 4:15 PM PDT. A young Ravi Shankar recalled in the 1960s how Enescu, who had developed a deep interest in Oriental music, rehearsed with Shankar's brother Uday Shankar and his musicians. O dat instaurat dictatura comunist, s-a exilat definitiv la Paris. He even thinks of returning to Corinth, since for three nights now his frightening dreams have not haunted him. Anii de formare: Copilria (18811888); Studiila la Viena (18881894). Key to roles (): antigone/jocaste/sphinx/cron/oedipe/tirsias. His father later separated from Maria Enescu and had another son with Maria Ferdinand-Suschi: the painter Dumitru Bcu. 1 pentru orchestr (1903), prima sa Simfonie (1905), apte cntece pe versuri de Clment Marot (1908). Its still unknown, she says, and only now, after the U.S. premiere, has it started to gain an international reputation.. In his Viennese concerts young Enescu played works by Brahms, Sarasate and Mendelssohn. De neuitat au rmas interpretrile sale ale Poemului pentru vioar i quartet de corzi de Ernest Chausson i ale Sonatelor i Partitelor pentru vioar solo de Johann Sebastian Bach. For example, both composers pre-war second symphonies respond powerfully to the late-Romantic Austro-German tradition and to the increasingly chromatic rhetorical gestures pursued by such composers as Richard Strauss. The youngest student ever to train at the prestigious institution, he completed his studies with composers Robert Fuchs and Sigismund Bachrich and then enrolled at the Paris Conservatory. Upon returning home, he did not change out of his wet clothes and went straight to dinner. By Janelle Griffith. George Enescu, who is stubbornly underappreciated elsewhere but well represented in his home country. The wildly unpredictable Gergiev was more engaged than in recent memory, presiding over a magnificently shaped version of Bruckners Sixth Symphony, an unusual and memorable pairing with the Tchaikovsky concerto. 50 years after the death of this great musician he is finally not longer measured by his potential to be used as a propaganda tool, but by the number of enthusiastic listeners touched by his music. 3", Concerto for Two Violins in D minor, BWV 1043, List of music students by teacher: C to F#George Enescu, Violin Sonata No. The two Romanian Rhapsodies, Op. 1905. Oedipus refuses, to which Creon takes Antigone hostage. You feel the thirst for music and for interacting, and that is something that is vital for anybody who goes onstage.. During the course of his extraordinary life he played to Brahms, studied with Faur and Massenet, and knew Bartok, Strauss, Ravel, Debussy and Shostakovich. Even in this relatively early work an individual voice is already evident, most notably in his atmospheric assimilation of the doina, a highly ornamented melismatic melody that betrays an almost Middle Eastern influence, and in the imaginative orchestration which also includes a wordless chorus. Dei este cunoscut n principal ca un virtuoz al viorii, George Enescu era i un pianist rafinat, apreciind posibilitile polifonice pe care i le ddea pianul, n comparaie cu vioara. George Enescu (Romanian pronunciation:[deorde enesku] (listen); 19 August[O.S. George Enescu was the man described by Yehudi Menuhin as "the Absolute by which I judge all others the most extraordinary human being, the greatest musician and the most formative influence I have ever experienced.". In 1898 his Pome roumain was played in Paris, and in 1899 he won the first prize for violin at the Paris Conservatory. The Athenians drive Creon away and welcome Oedipus into their city. Dar cnd astfel de noroc d peste o orchestr inegal, ezitant, cum e Filarmonica noastr bagheta lui George Enescu ia aspectul unei extraordinare funcii educative.[16], Despre activitatea sa muzical, George Enescu spunea: n lumea muzicii eu sunt cinci ntr-unul: compozitor, dirijor, violonist, pianist i profesor. 11, 1901, Symphony No.1 in E flat major op 13. "American premiere of Enescu opera to take place at Illinois", Encyclopdie de l'art lyrique franais, entry for. S-a stins din via la Paris n noaptea dintre 3 i 4 mai 1955. Their eighth child, he was born after all the previous siblings had died in infancy. [19] Vincent d'Indy claimed that if Beethoven's works were destroyed, they could be all reconstructed from memory by George Enescu. Oedipe, tragedie lyrique in four acts, Op. Romanian Rhapsody No.1 in A major, Op. Despite her vivid stage presence and the valiant efforts of Edward Gardner and the London Philharmonic Orchestra, the concept felt doomed from the start by the impossibility of balancing the forces; the orchestrated piano part kept distracting from Kopatchinskaja. is military terminology referring to "Government Issue" or "General Issue". n 1942, atunci cnd Romnia a nceput s pun n practic programul de epurare etnic, s-a dus sa vorbeasc cu Prim-Ministrul Ion Antonescu intervenind ca muzicanii romi s nu fie deportai, afirmnd c pleac i el n caz de-i duce muzicanii la Bug"[14]. Michael Magnusson, Opera Today blog review of Naxos recording, 20 April 2006. In German: Pablo Casals described Enescu as "the greatest musical phenomenon since Mozart"[15] and "one of the greatest geniuses of modern music". I was astonished by it, and since then have become more and more fascinated by and passionate about his music. BUCHAREST, Romania Romania has a long record of defying the catastrophes history has served up, so it certainly would not allow the pandemic to derail the George Enescu International. He was the second person ever to be admitted to the Vienna Conservatory by a dispensation of age, and was the first non-Austrian (in 1882, Fritz Kreisler had also been admitted at the age of seven; according to the rules, nobody younger than 14years could study there). By 19, he had already composed four apprentice symphonies and sketched drafts for several concertos and string quartets. In the last few months of his life, when the pair were living in relative poverty in a dingy two-room apartment in Paris, she began to sell off his manuscripts and eventually even his Guarnerius violin. When is George Enescus birthday? Unlike Szymanowski, Enescu thus far has not enjoyed the imprimatur of a leading interpreter such as conductor Sir Simon Rattle to place him more firmly on the musical map. [16] Queen Marie of Romania wrote in her memoirs that "in George Enescu was real gold". La data de 6 februarie 1898 are debutul n calitate de compozitor n cadrul Concertelor Colonne din Paris cu Suita simfonic Poema Romn. 3 in D minor, subtitled "Ballade", "Romanian Achievements and Records: Part 15 | Romania In Our Hearts", Membrii Academiei Romne din 1866 pn n prezent, "Sonatas and Partitas: Educational Edition", "George ENESCU Part I: Enescu the composer Evan Dickerson - May 2005 MusicWeb-International", "EXCLUSIV VIDEO Documentar inedit despre George Enescu: "A fost cel mai mre fenomen muzical, de la Mozart ncoace", "Music: George Enescu Gentle Giant | Crisis Magazine", "ENESCU piano music Vol 2 Borac AVIE AV2081 [GF]: Classical CD Reviews- March 2006 MusicWeb-International", "Oedipe review spellbinding staging of a 20th-century masterpiece", "Oedipe, Royal Opera House, review: 'A masterpiece'", Alain Chotil-Fani, "Un voyage dans la Roumanie musicale: George Georgescu", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians, Georges Enesco's Profile at The Remington Site: his Continental Bach Recordings and Remington Recordings plus a survey of Sonatas & Partitas in the 1950s, International Festival and Competition "George Enescu", International Music Score Library Project, A page on the closely linked lives of Enescu and Chailley, Pascal Bentoiu: George Enescu, the composer, Reissue of the complete Bach clavier concertos conducted by Enesco on 4 CDs, Review on Musicweb-International by Evan Dickerson of available recordings featuring Enescu's compositions (updated May 2005), Review on Musicweb-International by Evan Dickerson of Enescu's recordings as a performer (violinist, conductor & pianist)(updated July 2005), Georges Enescu Octet in C, Op.7 sound-bites and short bio, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George_Enescu&oldid=1135201161. After playing through the score just once, Enescu closed his part and they repeated the performance with the violinist now playing the entire work from memory. First violin lessons came. Yet Enescus chief preoccupation was with composition, and it was for this that he craved the most recognition. This generation experienced much of their youth during the Great Depression and rapid technological innovation such as the radio and the telephone. Enescu's scores are filled with more detailed markings and instructions than I have come across almost anywhere else - every nuance of technical and expressive detail is there on the page, and the effect on the performer of the sheer volume of information can be overwhelming and even counterproductive at first. Thebes and its citizens hail Oedipus as their liberator and new king, and offer him Jocasta in marriage. The idiom was so profoundly absorbed into his bloodstream that it sounded authentic and was therefore bereft of any element of modernist alienation. Considered one of the most significant classical composers of the twentieth century, he is remembered for his Romanian Rhapsody No. Like all his most characteristic music, the writing is influenced at a deep level by the first tunes he had played as a child - the folk-music of his native country. An annotated version of this work brings together the indications of Enescu regarding sonority, phrasing, tempos, musicality, fingering and expression.[13]. The George Enescu Philharmonic Orchestra ( Romanian: Filarmonica George Enescu) is a musical institution located in Bucharest, Romania . My colleagues and I were apprehensive, but when we were finally able to get hold of the parts it turned out to be music of incredible sensuousness and vitality. Enescu completed the music in 1922 and the orchestration in 1931. Oedipus appears, and cannot decide which road to travel. Ruling Planet: George Enescu had a ruling planet of Sun and has a ruling planet of Sun and by astrological associations Saturday is ruled by Sun. Rolul lui este de a comunica nvturi. A fost nmormntat n cimitirul Pre-Lachaise din Paris, ntr-un cavou de marmur alb, aflat la poziia 68[15]. RIP. From this period, there is also the impressive and haunting Second Violin Sonata (1899), plus two engaging orchestral works, the First Suite (1903) and First Symphony (1905). The earliest work of significant length bears the title Pmnt romnesc ("Romanian Land"), and is inscribed "opus for piano and violin by George Enescu, Romanian composer, aged five years and a quarter". [17] Yehudi Menuhin, Enescu's most famous pupil, once said about his teacher: "He will remain for me the absoluteness through which I judge others", and "Enescu gave me the light that has guided my entire existence. 1, popularizat mai ales de Leopold Stokowski la pupitrul Orchestrei Filarmonice din Philadelphia, uitndu-se marile sale creaii. Primii ani, nceputul secolului al XX-lea. Activitatea sa pedagogic capt de asemenea o importan considerabil. Scene One: It is twenty years later, and the child has survived and been named Oedipus, and lives in Corinth as the child of King Polybus and Queen Merope. "Georges Enesco. George Enescu was born in the Year of the Serpent. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. A manifestat nc din copilrie o nclinaie extraordinar pentru muzic, ncepnd s cnte la vioar la vrsta de 4 ani, iar la vrsta de 5 ani a aprut n primul su concert i a nceput studii de compoziie sub ndrumarea lui Eduard Caudella. [] Extraordinar artist, Enescu este, deopotriv, un excepional educator. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. 4 i 5 rmase neterminate (au fost orchestrate mai trziu de compozitorul Pascal Bentoiu). 3 in A minor; Symphony No. Or was it just coincidence that toward the end of the festival, the announcement came that Macelaru had committed to record Enescus complete orchestral oeuvre with the Orchestra de France for Deutsche Grammophon? People of this zodiac sign like to be admired, expensive things, bright colors, and dislike being ignored, facing difficulties, not being treated specially. [14] On his death, he was interred in Pre Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. 1; Violin Sonata No. [This quote needs a citation], On 6 February 1898, at the age of 16, Enescu presented in Paris his first mature work, Poema Romn, played by the Colonne Orchestra, then one of the most prestigious in the world, and conducted by douard Colonne. In 1939, he married Maria Tescanu Rosetti (known as Princess Maruca Cantacuzino through her first husband Mihail Cantacuzino), a good friend of Queen Marie of Romania. Its notable, too, that both Szymanowski and Enescu shunned the fashionable neo-classicism of the 1920s by turning for inspiration towards the traditional folk music, the landscape and the natural environment of their countries. This year, for example, Vladimir Jurowski programmed the massive Third Symphony with the London Philharmonic Orchestra at the Royal Festival Hall, and the work was received with great enthusiasm. 3 in D minor, subtitled "Ballade" (composed in 1923), was dedicated as an act of homage to fellow-violinist Enescu. n acelai an, ncepe s dea lecii de vioar la Bucureti i s dea recitaluri de vioar. Much had to be rebuilt following the revolution of 1989. So why do we know so little of his unique music? The engaging actor who during his 1970s heyday generated great chemistry, George Segal's cause of death was clarified after he passed away on Tuesday (March 23, 2021) at the age of 87. Dup rzboi i continu activitatea mprit ntre Romnia i Frana. He promoted contemporary Romanian music, playing works of Constantin Silvestri, Mihail Jora, Jonel Perlea and Marian Negrea. Finally, however, Oedipus takes his leave of everyone, even Antigone, and settles in the spot where he will die. New details are being revealed in regards to the death of George Floyd. Stilul componistic al lui George Enescu este greu de definit, oscilnd ntre stilul romantic monumental al lui Richard Wagner (n Simfonia Nr. The shepherd confirms Jocasta's story. In, This page was last edited on 23 January 2023, at 06:55. He also conducted the New York Philharmonic between 1937 and 1938. nsufleirea lui e egal cu vigilena sa, lirismul egal cu precizia. [36], Three songs setting Lemaitre and Prudhomme Enescu's music may be little- played in western Europe, but in his homeland he is venerated as a figure of enormous importance - not just as their greatest composer, but for the way he promoted other Romanian musicians and raised huge amounts of money for philanthropic causes. More intent on leaving Corinth, Oedipus reveals the Delphic prophecy to Merope, who is aghast. On 5 October 1888, at the age of seven, he became the youngest student ever admitted to the Vienna Conservatory,[4][5] where he studied with Joseph Hellmesberger Jr., Robert Fuchs, and Sigismund Bachrich. Pe acest wiki Wikipedia, legturile limbii sunt situate n partea de sus a paginii n rnd cu titlul articolului. In the royal palace of Thebes, the people celebrate the birth of the son of King Laius and Queen Jocasta. I noticed the frayed tie, the shabby jacket, the waxen face with its clean, beautiful bones and serene eyes " It is a deeply moving picture of a man utterly devoted to music whose life ended tragically. Cariera internaional a operei a fost ns ntrerupt de declanarea celui de-al Doilea Rzboi Mondial, cnd, n 1940, Paris-ul a fost ocupat de armata german. Omissions? [6] It is generally considered to be Enescu's masterpiece. The murderer now resides in the city, and will be exiled if he reveals himself willingly, but if not, will be cursed and left to the wrath of the gods. The claim: The cause of George Floyd's death was a drug overdose. Oedipus offers to challenge her to save the city. n anii 1921-1931 lucra la opera Oedip, monumental creaie dramatic i muzical, care abia n ultimii ani a nceput s se impun pe scenele teatrelor de oper din lume. A lucra sub o asemenea ndrumare ar fi o onoare i o ans pentru oricare orchestr din lume, orict de impozant, orict de reputat ar fi ea. 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